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Paper

General Techniques for Reducing Key-Switching Overhead in Privacy-Preserving Two-Party Transformer Inference

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arXiv:2606. 25349v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In secure two-party Transformer inference, linear layers are typically evaluated using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) through plaintext-ciphertext or ciphertext-ciphertext matrix multiplications, where key switching primarily occurs and dominates computational overhead in both FHE-based and hybrid FHE-MPC systems.